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學校名稱輔仁大學
系所名稱金融研究所
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學號493756153
研究生(中)謝獻德
研究生(英)Hsieh-Te Hsieh
論文名稱(中)基金經理人資產配置與追蹤標的
論文名稱(英)The Influence on Fund Manager's Behavior: From the Perspective of Asset Allocation and Tracking Error
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指導教授(中)許培基
指導教授(英)Pei-Gi Shu
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學位類別碩士
畢業學年度94
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語文別中文
關鍵字(中)風格分析法 資產配置 追蹤誤差 標竿指數 權益型基金 權益型 大型股 經理人 分析法 可能性 權益型 大型股 經理人 分析法 可能性
關鍵字(英)Style Analysis Asset Allocation Tracking Error Benchmark Indices Equity Fund family taiwan
摘要(中)共同基金存在的功能之一在於協助一般投資者規避風險,而其最為簡潔的方法則為追蹤標竿指數報酬。本研究運用William Sharpe的風格分析法,探究台灣地區權益型基金經理人的資產配置與追蹤標竿指數的程度,並根據不同分類方式,判斷其資產配置比重與追蹤標竿程度是否存在差異。實證結果顯示,基金家族規模的確影響基金經理人資產配置與追蹤程度:大規模家族基金追蹤標竿的程度較低,採取較為積極的操作策略。相對地,小規模家族基金追蹤標竿的程度較高,且其資產配置偏重大型股。此一結果可能與大型基金家族利用資金優勢,以及基金投資人對績效-流量不對稱的關係,偏離追蹤指標而擴大投資風險有關。小規模家族基金因受限於資金,抑或評估其擊敗標竿的可能性不高,因而採取較為緊密的追蹤策略,資產配置傾向大型股的現象則符合分攤責難的解釋。此外,以基金家族規模與基金規模分類的結果顯示,小規模家族中的小規模基金較容易偏離標竿指數以追求超額報酬,但大規模與中規模的基金則偏向採用被動操作模式,顯示小規模家族偏離標竿並擴大風險投資的焦點鎖定旗下的小型基金,其與大規模家族中不論基金大小,皆採取較為積極操作策略不同。再者,以多、空市場區隔樣本的結果發現,基金經理人於空頭市場提高而於多頭市場降低追蹤標竿的程度,顯示基金經理人具有擇時追蹤標竿的傾向。最後,基金於多頭市場偏離標竿的行為的確可以創造較高的績效。
摘要(英)One of the most prevailing functions that mutual funds can provide is to assist individual investors to hedge risks through a na?ve tracking on benchmarking indices. Following the style analysis proposed by William Sharpe we explore how equity fund managers in Taiwan allocate assets and track benchmarking indices. The portfolios of assets allocations and the degree of tracking errors are compared against different fund styles, size, family size. Our empirical results show that large fund families in general adopt more aggressive investment style and are associated with a higher degree of tracking errors than their smaller counterparts. The aggressiveness of large family is reconciled with the explanation that fund managers under tournament pressure are inclined to increase investment risk and therefore lower tracking similarity by taking the advantage of the asymmetric performance-flow relation documented in literature. Contrary to the condition in large families, fund managers in the small families prefer large-cap stocks and are more conservative and closely track the benchmarking indices. This might be due to the fact the small fund mangers are more likely to be constrained by capital and their chance of beating the benchmarks is sparse. The results from a two-dimensional classification based on fund size and fund family size show that most funds in large families tend to deviate benchmarking indices, indicating that fund managers in big families are willing to take risk through deviating from the benchmark indices. However, in the small fund family the large- and median funds adopt passive strategies while small funds deviate from the indices and invest aggressively. Finally, we find that fund managers comparatively aggressive in bull market while passive in bear market. This timing behavior is value enhancing.
論文目次目錄: 第一章 緒論 1 第二章 文獻探討 3 第一節 以報酬為基準的風格分析法 3 第二節 基金規模與基金家族之相關文獻 6 第三節 多空頭市場之相關研究 9 第四節 二次規劃求解法之應用 10 第三章 資料與研究方法 12 第一節 研究方法 12 第二節 研究資料與變數選取 14 第四章 研究結果 17 第一節 權益型基金之分類 17 第二節 追蹤標竿指數程度的綜合比較 43 第三節 多空市場下基金經理人的操作模式 49 第四節 平衡型基金與債?型基金 53 第五章 結論與建議 56 表目錄: 表一 股票型基金依據不同分類方式下之資產配置表 19 表二 不同分類方式下平均數與中位數統計檢定比較表 24 表三 SCHEFFE多重比較檢定表 28 表四 規模相似之下之配對樣本檢定表 35 表五 基金規模與基金家族規模綜合比較表 38 表六 不同的基金家族規模下基金規模之配置比重檢定表 38 表七 各基金規模下基金家族規模之配置比重檢定表 41 表八 判定係數統計檢定表 47 表九 多空市場比較表 49 表十 平衡型與債?型基金資產配置狀況 54 表十一 基金家族R-SQUARE之SCHEFFE多重比較法 62 表十二 基金宣告類型下之判定係數多重比較檢定表 65 表十三 基金家族分類下績效具正向超額報酬之分配表 66 圖目錄: 圖一 荷銀投信配置於大型股的比重分配圖 31 圖二 匯豐投信配置於大型股的比重分配圖 31 圖三 元大投信配置於中型股的比重分配圖 32 圖四 寶來投信配置於中型股的比重分配圖 32 圖五 判定係數分配直方圖 44 圖六 基金規模與基金家族規模分類下基金檔數分佈圖 46 圖七 多空市場下判定係數分配表 52
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